Cabinda, also known as Chioua, is a city and a municipality located in the

Cabinda Province Cabinda (formerly called Portuguese Congo, kg, Kabinda) is an exclave and province of Angola in Africa, a status that has been disputed by several political organizations in the territory. The capital city is also called Cabinda, known locall ...

, an

exclave An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...

Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

. Angolan sovereignty over Cabinda is disputed by the

secession Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics le ...

ist

Republic of Cabinda The Republic of Cabinda (Ibinda: ''Kilansi kia cabinda''; pt, República de Cabinda) was an unrecognized state located in what is presently Angola's Cabinda Province. The Front for the Liberation of the State of Cabinda- Exército de Cabinda ...

. The city of Cabinda had a population of 550,000 and the municipality a population of 624,646, at the 2014 Census. The residents of the city are known as ''Cabindas'' or ''Fiotes''. Cabinda, due to its proximity to rich oil reserves, serves as one of Angola's main oil ports.

History

The city was founded by the

Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...

in 1883 after the signing of the

Treaty of Simulambuco The Treaty of Simulambuco was signed in 1885 by representatives of the Portuguese government and officials in the N'Goyo Kingdom. The agreement was drafted and signed in response to the Treaty of Berlin, which was an agreement between the colon ...

, in the same period as the

Berlin Conference The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885, also known as the Congo Conference (, ) or West Africa Conference (, ), regulated European colonisation and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence ...

. Cabinda was an embarkation point for slaves to Brazil. There are considerable offshore

oil reserves An oil is any polarity (chemistry), nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of Hydrocarbon, hydrocarbons and is hydrophobe, hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilicity, lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usu ...

nearby.

Geography

Cabinda is located on the

Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe ...

coast in the south of Cabinda Province, and sits on the right bank of the Bele River. It is north of

Moanda Moanda is one of the largest towns in Gabon, lying on the N3 road in Haut Ogooué. It is also one of the most important manganese mining towns in the world, under the auspices of the ''Compagnie Minière de l'Ogooué'' (COMILOG), which began ...

(

DR Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...

), north of

Congo River The Congo River ( kg, Nzâdi Kôngo, french: Fleuve Congo, pt, Rio Congo), formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the second largest river in the world by discharge ...

estuary and south of Pointe-Noire ( Rep. Congo).

Districts

The city of Cabinda is divided into three districts, or ''comuna'': *Cabinda, the city seat, with 88.6% of the population the city *Malembo, with 3.1% *Tando-Zinze, with 8.3%

Education and science

Cabinda is home to two public higher education institutions, namely the

11 de Novembro University The 11 de Novembro University (UON; pt, Universidade 11 de Novembro) is an Angolan public university based in the city of Cabinda. In addition to Cabinda, it has campuses in Buco-Zau and Soyo. Formerly one of the Agostinho Neto University camp ...

and the Higher Institute of Education Sciences of Cabinda. In addition, it has campuses of the Lusíada University and the

Private University of Angola Private or privates may refer to: Music * " In Private", by Dusty Springfield from the 1990 album ''Reputation'' * Private (band), a Denmark-based band * "Private" (Ryōko Hirosue song), from the 1999 album ''Private'', written and also recorde ...

Culture

The city's population has a distinctive culture from its way of dressing and eating to traditional rituals, especially Chicumbe and celebrated ceremonies of ''Bakamas do Tchizo'', a traditional ritual that enables the interaction between the living and the occult spirits of the gods and the ancestors, thus ensuring the reconciliation between the dead and the living.

Language

Ibinda Ibinda (also ''Kibinda'', ''Chibinda'', ''Tchibinda'', ''Cibinda'') is ostensibly a Bantu language or a dialect group spoken in the Angolan province and exclave of Cabinda. Ibinda is Western Kongo ( Guthrie: H16d) as it is spoken in Cabinda. ...

, a

Bantu language The Bantu languages (English: , Proto-Bantu: *bantʊ̀) are a large family of languages spoken by the Bantu people of Central, Southern, Eastern africa and Southeast Africa. They form the largest branch of the Southern Bantoid languages. The t ...

, is the primary language of both the city and province of Cabinda. Portuguese, the official language of Angola, is also spoken, though mostly as an administrative role. Since Cabinda was colonized relatively later (late nineteenth century) by Portugal compared to most of Angola, Portuguese is not as widely spoken, though language speakers are rapidly growing in number.

Transport

In 2012, a proposed railway connection to the main Angolan system has to cross territory of the

Democratic Republic of the Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...

Notable people

Eduardo Camavinga Eduardo Celmi Camavinga (born 10 November 2002) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for La Liga club Real Madrid and the France national team. Early life Camavinga was born in a refugee camp in Cabinda, Angola in 2002 ...

(born 2002), French football player

References

Bibliography

External links

Profile of Cabinda Municipality
* {{Authority control Provincial capitals in Angola Populated places in Cabinda Province Port cities and towns in Angola Municipalities of Angola